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Roman empire and the christianity - from the persecution to the state religion
Činátl, Jiří ; Lukeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Říhová, Ladislava (referee)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the situation of Christians living in the Roman Empire in the first four centuries AD. Every new religion has to face a number of problems in its beginnings, its misunderstanding and its position in society must be gradually enforced. However, the very beginnings of Christianity are not easy to grasp, since so many sources have not been preserved to this day. Likewise, many events are perceived through Christian optics and thus interpreted unilaterally. These are, above all, martyrological texts that have been extensively modified over time and authenticity is now relatively difficult. This diploma thesis is divided into several chapters, while in the first one I try to describe the Roman society and the Roman religion with which the Christian faith was confronted. Further chapters and chapters are devoted to the rise and spread of Christianity, the person of Jesus Christ, and the Church Fathers who report to us about the first centuries of Christian faith. The most extensive part of this diploma thesis is devoted to the main topic of persecution of Christians in the first four centuries AD. To date the individual stages of the persecution of Christians, I will help them by dividing them according to G.E.M. de Ste. Croixe. Chapters to describe the three stages of...
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Man is Adam, man is Christ: according to st. Augustine
Šavel, Tibor ; Vopřada, David (advisor) ; Salvet, Ondřej (referee)
Annotation: This thesis will address the view of the state of man in paradise and the state of man at the moment of disobedience that occurred through an act of man's will contrary to the manifested will of the Creator communicated to the creature through reason and will. It will describe the condition of man who, through his incarnation, was accepted by the Son of God, namely Jesus Christ. This incarnation is a historical event and encourages man to follow the one who incarnated him. In doing so, man can participate in building the kingdom of God here on Earth. All this will be written according to the anthropology of St. Augustine, as described in his writing. Key words: man, disobedience, sin, will, freedom, healing, celebration
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Spiritual progress of man in relation to God in the exegesis of Song of Songs by Origen and Life of Moses by Gregory of Nyssa
Hrehová, Kristína ; Noble, Ivana (advisor) ; Kočandrle Bauer, Kateřina (referee)
In this thesis, I ask how Origen and Gregory of Nyssa used the Scriptures in the exposition of their theology of spiritual progress. The aim of this thesis is to compare their teaching and exegetical approach to spiritual progress and consider their benefit for a modern reader. In the introductory chapter, I introduce the historical, intellectual, and spiritual context of authors and texts. In the second and third chapter, I analyze texts of the selected works focusing on the definitions of spiritual progress and its relation to sin and forgiveness, afterlife and communion of God and man. I also considered how was the teaching of both authors influenced by their historical context and pointed out problematic parts of their teaching. In the concluding chapter, I summarize similarities and differences ín Origen's and Gregory's approach to the topic of spiritual progress on the basis of the text analysis and secondary sources. I ask how can Christians of today in their spiritual progress and ecumenical discussions benefit from Origen's and Gregory's search for Christian perfection.
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Ancient Practice of Penance and Ambrose's Treatise De paenitentia
Štauberová, Karolína ; Vopřada, David (advisor) ; Mohelník, Tomáš (referee)
The study is going to analyse Ambrose's treatise De paenitentia and evaluate its importance for the theology of penance. After presenting the evolution of the practice of penance in early Church till 4th century, especially in West and with focus on the Novatian crisis as a milestone, the study is further dealing with Ambrose of Milan's personality and works, namely with his treatise De paenitentia; not only in the context of the contemporary polemics with Novatian heresy, but mainly as a first formalized and structured theology which will be later developed into the understanding of penance as one of the Church's sacraments. Keywords Ambrose of Milan, Church Fathers, 4th century, Novatian, sin, penance, repentance
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A Woman in the times of late ancient period and early christianity. Virgin, wife, widow.
Bendová, Linda ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Sládková, Kateřina (referee)
The aim of this bachelorete thesis is to show how women were percepted in the age of early christianity on the basis of selected Latin early church fathers's tracts. It is characteristic, that we can't include a perception of women themselves, as we don't have many preserved sources. In the thesis, there is shortly characterised a state of Roman and Jewish woman, too, as the state of early christian woman is mostly based on it. I worked with the tracts of church fathers which were translated to Czech or English laguage and I partly included Latin originals (Jerome, Tertullian, Cyprian, Augustine, Amborse), whose analysis are sorted chronologically. The thesis is divided in three main chapters called "Virgin", "Wife" and "Widow", where I focus on the perception of church fathers on every mentioned phase of life of woman. They mostly rely on perceptions of apostle Paul in the New testament espistel, but they surely work with other parts of the Old and New testament. I came to a conclusion, that opinions of these men authors are often divided, but all of them agree, that the ideal state for a woman is being a virgin, or live at sexual abstinence. KEY WORDS Woman; early christianity; church fathers; virgin; wife; widow; Ambrose; Augustine; Cyprian; Jerome; Tertullian; New testament; apostle Paul
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History of the Monastery Kladruby
Brasová, Alena Petra ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
This master thesis deals with the history of Kladruby's monastery, about it's establishment and development during centuries. Further, it deals with the change of lifestyle in the monastery, as well as outside of it. This thesis highlights the outstanding architectural beauty of the Baroque Gothic style of Czech architects Jan Blažej Santini Aichel and Kilián Ignác Dientzenhofer.
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Augustine's doctrine on marriage in his treatise De bono coniugali
Štauberová, Karolína ; Vopřada, David (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee)
The work is going to analyze Augustine's treatise De bono coniugali and its importance for the theology of marriage. After presenting the concept of marriage as an institution in the Roman empire and in writings of selected authors of Christian East and West in the first four centuries and also considering the developing monastic tradition, it is further dealing with the personality and works of Augustine of Hippo, especially with his treatise De bono coniugali; not only in the context of a response to then controversies, but especially as a first formalized and structured science of a church father on marriage. Keywords Augustine of Hippo, Church Fathers, 5th century, marriage, virginity, nature, chastity, body
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Human Nature in St. Augustine
Šavel, Tibor ; Vopřada, David (advisor) ; Ventura, Václav (referee)
The thesis deals with St. Augustineś concept of human nature from the anthropological perspective and in its relation to Godś grace. It is based on a detailed description of the period in which St. Augustine lived; both in terms of a school of thoughts of educated classes of the Roman Empire and in terms of general relations among people of that era. This matter becomes more apparent in a polemic with other contemporary concepts about mans salvation.
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Roman empire and the christianity - from the persecution to the state religion
Činátl, Jiří ; Lukeš, Jiří (advisor) ; Říhová, Ladislava (referee)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the situation of Christians living in the Roman Empire in the first four centuries AD. Every new religion has to face a number of problems in its beginnings, its misunderstanding and its position in society must be gradually enforced. However, the very beginnings of Christianity are not easy to grasp, since so many sources have not been preserved to this day. Likewise, many events are perceived through Christian optics and thus interpreted unilaterally. These are, above all, martyrological texts that have been extensively modified over time and authenticity is now relatively difficult. This diploma thesis is divided into several chapters, while in the first one I try to describe the Roman society and the Roman religion with which the Christian faith was confronted. Further chapters and chapters are devoted to the rise and spread of Christianity, the person of Jesus Christ, and the Church Fathers who report to us about the first centuries of Christian faith. The most extensive part of this diploma thesis is devoted to the main topic of persecution of Christians in the first four centuries AD. To date the individual stages of the persecution of Christians, I will help them by dividing them according to G.E.M. de Ste. Croixe. Chapters to describe the three stages of...
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History of the Monastery Kladruby
Lexová, Alena ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
The significant, cultural heritage, Kladruby's monastery lies n Tachovon in the Western part of the Czech republic. It lies between Pilsen and Tachov, specifically, Thirty kilometres west from Pilsen and five kilometres south from Stříbro. The history of the township and monastery is closely bound. The middle ages brought prosperity and rise to both of them.To this rise of Kladruby contributed it's great place by the Norimberská stezka and the discovery of silver ore nearby. Thanks to this, in 1230, it was raised by Václav I. to township. With this Kladruby gained the rights of a town ( e.g. The right to organize markets,the right to perform Criminal Law and the right to brew) as one of the first seven town in the Czech republic. Because of the wealth from silver mining, a mining settlement Stříbro was establishes, in the late twelfth century. The Benedictine monastery was established, by Vladislav I. of Přemyslid dynasty, in 1115. He himself is buried there as one of few Czech princes, who are not buried in Prague. Between the 12. And 13. Century, the monastery became one of the most important church centres of the whole kingdom. During the tragedy of Jan Nepomucký, the monastery has a major role. Václav IV considered, establishing a bishopric in Kladruby, to circumscribe the power of Prague...
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